Evaluating End-to-End Delay in Road-Based Routing Protocols for VANETs with Snake Optimization

Hanadi Hassan karim Al-Maliki; Hamid AL-Asadi

doi:10.31185/wjcms.254

Authors

Hanadi Hassan karim Al-Maliki Department of Computer Science, CoEPS, North Campus (Karmat Ali), University of Basrah, Basrah, 61004, Iraq
Hamid AL-Asadi University of basrah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31185/wjcms.254

Keywords:

End-to-End Delay (AEED), VANETS, Snake Optimization Algorithm (SOA), Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR)

Abstract

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) require efficient routing protocols due to their dynamic network topologies and high mobility. This paper proposes a Road-Based Vehicular Traffic (RBVT), which combines reactive (RBVT-R) and proactive (RBVT-P) routing protocols to improved the performance. We evaluate the impact of RBVT on Average End-to-End Delay (AEED) by comparing it with existing protocols such as AODV, DSR, GPSR, OLSR, DSDV, and WRP. Furthermore, we integrate Snake Optimization Algorithm (SOA) with RBVT to optimize routing and reduce AEED. Simulations demonstrate that SOA-RBVT significantly reduces AEED compared to baseline protocols, especially in dense VANET scenarios.

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